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Properties Of Hydrogen

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Overview

The atomic form of hydrogen produced at the time of chemical reaction is known as nascent hydrogen. Hydrogen is a colorless, tasteless and odorless gas. This note provides us the information about nascent hydrogen and its preparation with properties.
Properties Of Hydrogen

The atomic form of hydrogen produced at the time of chemical reaction is known as nascent hydrogen. Nascent means newly born.

Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + 2 H(nascent)
H + H → H2

Physical properties

  • Hydrogen is a colorless, tasteless and oodorlessgas.
  • It is about insoluble in water.
  • It is the lightest gas.
  • It is neutral to litmus.
  • It liquefies at -235°C and solidifies at -259°C.
  • It is a combustible gas but does not support in burning.

Chemical properties

  • Hydrogen burns in air or in oxygen with a blue flame and it produces water.
    2H2 + O2 → 2 H2O
  • Metals like sodium, potassium and calcium burn in hydrogen forming corresponding forming corresponding unstable metallic hydrides.
    2Na + H2 → 2 NaH (Sodium hydride)
    Ca + H2 → 2 CaH2 (Calcium hydride (Hydrolith))
  • When dry hydrogen is passed over heated oxide of iron, copper, lead, etc. It reduces the metallic oxides to their metals.
    Fe3O4 + 4H2 → 3Fe + 4H2O
    In above reactions, the removal of oxygen from the compound is called reduction and hydrogen which brings about reduction is called reducing agent. But the oxides of calcium, zinc and magnesium are not reduced by hydrogen.
  • Hydrogen reacts with chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine (halogens) in various conditions to form acids.
    H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl (hydrochloric acid)
  • Hydrogen combines with nitrogen under 200-900 atmospheric pressure, at 5000 C temperature and in the presence of a catalyst, iron with molybdenum as promoter to give ammonia.
    N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
  • Hydrogen reacts with burning coal and forms methane.
    2 H2 + C → CH4(methane)

Uses of hydrogen

  • It is used in manufacturing ammonia.
  • Hydrogen gas is used in manufacturing vanaspati ghee.
  • It is used as reducing agent because it reduces metallic oxides into corresponding metals.
  • The liquid form of hydrogen is used as fuel in rockets.


Things to remember
  • The atomic form of hydrogen produced at the time of chemical reaction is known as nascent hydrogen.
  • Hydrogen is a colorless, tasteless and odorless gas.
  • Hydrogen burns in air or in oxygen with a blue flame and it produces water.
  • Hydrogen reacts with nitrogen at suitable conditions to produce ammonia.
  • It includes every relationship which established among the people.
  • There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
  • It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
  • common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
Videos for Properties Of Hydrogen
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Questions and Answers

The physical properties of hydrogen gas are as follows:

(1)Hydrogen is colourles, odourless and tasteless gas.
(2) It is lightest gas of the atmosphere.
(3) It is neutral in nature. So, it does not change the color of litmus paper.
The atomic form of hydrogen produced at the time of chemical reaction is known as nascent hydrogen. Nascent means newly born.

Some uses of hydrogen gas are as follows:

(1) Hydrogen gas is used to fill in the balloons.
(2) It is used as fuel in the rocket.
(3) It is used to make hydrogen torch.
Under suitable conditions of temperature and pressure, unsaturated hydrocarbons directly combine with hydrogen gas to form saturated hydrocarbons. This process is known as hydrogenation.
The mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas is called water gas. It is used in industry as a source of heat.
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