Green house

Introduction

The greenhouse effect refers to circumstances where the short wavelengths of visibleLight from the sun pass through a transparent medium ( i.e. envelope of gases CO, CO₂, SO_2, etc . )and are absorbed , but the longer wavelength of the infrared re - radiation from the heated objects are unable to pass through that medium and are trapped causing more heating and a higher resultant temperature. Greenhouse gas levels have been increasing since the start of the Industrial Revolution. The most contributing greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane. But without some greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect, earth's temperature would be close to -18°C.

Causes

The population of the world is increasing day by day. The population of the world in increasing at the rate of three children per second. The pollution of the world is also increasing. The amount of smoke, dust and greenhouse gases like CO₂, N₂O, CH₄, H₂O vapour etc are increasing in the atmosphere as they are produced by industries and vehicles. These gases allow the solar radiation of the short wavelength to escape out from the earth but prevent the solar radiation of the longer wavelength to escape out from the earth. Asa result, this radiation, and various gases are stored in the atmosphere of earth and increase the temperature of the earth.Industries which are involved in cement production,fertilisers, coal mining, etc produce harmful greenhouse gas.Nitrous oxide is one of the greenhouse gas that is used in fertiliser and contributes to the greenhouse effect.

Effects of Green House

The effects of greenhouse on environment are as follows,

• Greenhouse effects increase the temperature of the earth causing global warming. Global warming effects the environment in various ways like desertification, increases snow melting, increases in sea level and stronger storms and extreme events.
• Snow melting in the mountains causes flooding during monsoon.
• An increase in the temperature of the earth causes hurricanes and cyclones in the ocean and seas.
• As the temperature of the earth increases, it increases the evaporation of water from the farms, sea, lakes and ponds that result in the decrease of crop yield, and causes drought.
• Greenhouse also affects the climatic balance. Monsoon may even stop altogether or rainfall may be altered.
• As nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas, It damages the ozone layer and cause ozone layer depletion.
• It imbalances the ecosystem.
• As northern countries get warm due to the greenhouse effect, disease carrying insects migrate north, bringing plague and disease with them.

Artificial Green House

An artificial greenhouse is a man-made greenhouse. It is a house made of glass or plastic on a metallic frame. It is mainly used to grow offseason plants. In the artificial greenhouse, the glass and plastic allow the only short wave to pass but do not allow longer waves to pass. Here, the glass changes short wave into infrared radiation. The infrared radiation so formed do not escape out through the greenhouse and the temperature inside it increases. In the artificial greenhouse, the artificial temperature is provided to grow the plants. Here, the favourable condition necessary for the growth of plants is provided like climate, light, soil, moisture and other essential conditions. The roof of the artificial greenhouse is made slanted so that maximum solar energy enter through it.

Importance of artificial greenhouse

• Offseason plants can be grown in all twelve months.
• Plants can be grown in cold countries where there is less temperature by using the artificial greenhouse.
• Various types of flower,crops, vegetables and fruits can be grown by this methods.
• Plants grown by using this method can reduce environment pollution.

Control measures for greenhouse effect

• The use of materials should be minimized that produce greenhouse gases.
• The burning of fossil fuel and home residue should be stopped.
• Afforestation should be done.
• Alternative sources of energy should be used.
• We should use eco- friendly material
• Incineration plant should be established.
• Pollution should be controlled.