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Minerals

Subject: Science

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Overview

Mineral is naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic representable by a chemical formula. This note provides us with an information about minerals, its types, and uses.
Minerals

Earth is formed of water, air, soil, sand and minerals. Earth's surface is full of rocks which are different information. They have different formation and colour. There are different types of minerals in the rock. Minerals and humus are found in soil.

Minerals

Source: The Happy Scientist Fig: Minerals
Source: The Happy Scientist
Fig: Minerals

Mineral is naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic representable by the chemical formula. Hematite, chalcopyrite, cuprite, and argentite are important ore of the minerals. Some of the examples of minerals are diamond, gold, copper, etc. There are two types of minerals:

  1. Non-metallic minerals
  2. Metallic minerals

Metallic minerals

Metallic minerals have distinctive, shiny, metallic lustre. Metallic minerals such as gold and silver are also economic minerals.

Non-metallic Minerals

Non-metallic minerals have no distinctive, shiny, metallic lustre. These minerals are used to make cement and chemical fertilisers. They are used to construct house, pool, bridge and roads. They are also used as stones in the jewellery.

Characteristics of minerals
  1. Every mineral has its own colour. Hematite is red-brown whereas chalcopyrite is of golden green.
  2. Minerals are crystalline in form.
  3. Minerals are hard.
  4. Minerals shine according to its properties.
Uses of minerals
  1. Metals can be extracted from minerals.
  2. Different chemicals can be made from minerals.
  3. House, bridge and road can be made from minerals.
  4. Metals are used in making machines, tools, etc.

Some minerals found in Nepal

Minerals are the vital elements for the development of infrastructure. Iron, cement, aluminium and copper are the vitals minerals used in the development. Various minerals are found in Nepal.

Iron: Iron ores are found in Ramechap and Rolpa. Actually, those minerals are extracted from traditional ways. Hematite and magnetite are found in Nepal. Iron is also found in Phulchowki of Lalitpur, those of Ramechap, Labdhi of Tanahun and Jhikhabang of Chitwan.


Copper:Chalcopyrite is the main ore of copper. In past people of the hilly region used to earn money from copper ore. Copper is used in making utensils, temples and idols. The ores of copper are found in Makwanpur, Dhading, Solukhumbu, Udayapur, Tanahun, Bhojpur and Dadeldhura.

Lead: The Lead ore is found in Ganesh Himal, Phulchowki of Lalitpur, Khairabang of Makwanpur and Solukhumbu. Ore of lead is galena. It has been extracted from the Himalayas many years ago.

Zinc: Zinc is extracted from Ganesh Himal, Phulchowki of Lalitpur, Makwanpur and Solukhumbu in Nepal. Zinc is used as an important metal used in electroplating.

Limestone: Lime and cement are the important industrial metal found in Nepal. Main ores of limestone lie in Udayapur, Makwanpur, Chovar, Surkhet, Argakhachi, Dhadhing, Kavre, Dang and Sindhuli.

Graphite: Graphite ore is found in Ilam, Dhankuta, Sindupalchowk and Sankhuwasawa. It is used to manufacture pencil, colours and lubricant.

Things to remember
  • Earth is formed of water, air, soil, sand, and minerals.
  • A mineral is a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic representable by a chemical formula.
  • Metallic minerals have a distinctive, shiny, metallic lustre.
  • Non-metallic minerals have a no distinctive, shiny, metallic lustre.
  • Minerals are the vital elements for the development of infrastructure.
  • Iron is also found Phulchowki of Lalitpur, those of Ramechap, Labdhi of Tanahun, Jhikhabang of Chitwan.
  • Chalcopyrite is the main ore of copper.
  • Lead ore is found in Ganesh Himal, Phulchowki of Lalitpur, Khairabang of Makwanpur and Solukhumbu.
  • Zinc is used as an important metal used in electroplating.
  • Lime and cement are the important industrial metal found in Nepal.
  • Graphite ore is found in Ilam, Dhankuta, Sindupalchowk and Sankhuwasawa.
  • It includes every relationship which established among the people.
  • There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
  • It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
  • common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
Videos for Minerals
A brief introduction to minerals.
Identifying Minerals for Earth Science
Questions and Answers

A mineral is a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic representable by a chemical formula. Some of the examples of minerals are diamond, gold, copper, etc.

There are two types of minerals. They are:

  1. Metallic Minerals
  2. Non-metallic Minerals

Non-metallic minerals have a no distinctive, shiny, metallic luster. These minerals are used to make cement and chemical fertilizers. They are used to construct house, pool, bridge and roads. They are also used as stones in the jewellery.

The characteristics of minerals are as follows:

  1. Every mineral have its own colour. Hematite is red-brown whereas chalcopyrite is of golden green.
  2. Minerals are crystalline in form.
  3. Minerals are hard.
  4. Minerals shine according to its properties.

The uses of minerals are listed below:

  1. Metals can be extracted from minerals.
  2. Different chemicals can be made from minerals.
  3. House, bridge, and the road can be made from minerals.
  4. Metals are used to make various things like machines, jewellery etc.

Any six important minerals found in Nepal are:

  1. Iron
  2. Lead
  3. Zinc
  4. Graphite
  5. Limestone
  6. Copper

We can find iron in Phulchowki of Lalitpur, Thosse of Ramechap, Labdhi of Tanahun and Jhikhabang of Chitwan in Nepal.

 

We can find lead ores in Ganesh Himal, Phulchowki of Lalitpur, Khairabang of Makwanpur and Solukhumbu of Nepal.

Zinc is extracted from Ganesh Himal, Phulchowki of Lalitpur, Makwanpur, and Solukhumbu of Nepal.

Graphite ore is found in Ilam, Dhankuta, Sindupalchowk and Sankhuwasawa in Nepal.

We can find ores of limestone in Udayapur, Makwanpur, Chovar, Surkhet, Argakhachi, Dhadhing, Kavre, Dang and Sindhuli in Nepal.

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