Seed

The Seed is the fertilized, matured ovule of a flowering plant, containing an embryo or rudimentary plant.Seeds are of different shape, size and colour. Specially seeds are of two types. They are:

1. Monocotyledonous
2. Dicotyledonous

Structure of seed

Seeds have the different shape, size and types but have same formation.

Monocotyledonous Seed

Maize and wheat have monocotyledonous seed. The monocotyledonous seed has only one cotyledon. Monocots have only one seed leaf inside the seed coat. It is often only a thin leaf because the endosperm to feed the new plant is not inside the seed leaf. When a monocot seed germinates, it produces a single leaf. It is usually long and narrow, like the adult leaf. Even when it is quite a round shape, there is only one seed leaf in a monocot.

The leaves of monocots are often long and narrow, with their veins in straight lines, up and down the leaf. Sometimes, the veins run from the centre of the leaf to the edge, parallel to one another.The stems of monocots are usually unbranched and fleshy. They do not grow thicker from year to year. New leaves often grow wrapped in a protective sheath formed by the older leaf.

Dicotyledonous seed

When a dicot germinates, it produces two seed leaves. They contain the food for the new plant, so they are usually fatter than the true leaves. The first true leaves are often found in different shapes and sizes. The veins go from the central midrib to the edge of the leaf, crossing and joining to form a netted pattern all over the leaf. If dicotyledonous seed is divided then we can see two different parts called radicle and plumule. Radicle transforms into roots and plumule transform into a stem. When a seed is about to germinate endosperm stores food in it. Many seeds don't have endosperm and they are called non-endospermic seed. Gram and pea are non-endospermic seeds.

The stems of dicots are usually tough. They can grow wider each year and are often branched. They sometimes have stipules at the base of the leaf. The root is often a single long tap root with smaller roots growing from it. The roots of dicots are usually short and stringy. Dicots often have bulbs.

The difference between Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous seed.

Things to remember

• The monocotyledonous seed has only one cotyledon.
• Monocots have only one seed leaf inside the seed coat.
• If dicotyledonous seed is divided then we can see two different parts called radicle and plumule.
• Many seeds do not have endosperm and they are called non-endospermic seed.
• Radicle transforms into roots and plumule transform into the stem.

• It includes every relationship which established among the people.
• There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
• It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
• common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.

Questions and Answers

Quiz