Salt
Subject: Science
Overview
A salt is a compound formed by the partial or complete neutralization of an acid by a base. Basic properties of salt include its salty or bitter taste, solubility in water and its unique coloration. This note provides information about properties, preparation, uses of salts.Salt
A salt is a compound formed by the partial or complete neutralization of an acid by a base. Some salt are salty while most of them taste bitter. Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium sulphate, etc. are some examples of salts.
Properties of salts
- Some salts are salty in taste, but most of the salts are bitter in taste.
- Salts normally do not cause any change in the color of indicators like litmus paper, methyl orange, and phenolphthalein.
- Some salts are white while some salts are colored.
- Most of them are soluble in water.
Preparation of salts
Salts can be prepared in many ways. Some methods of preparing salts are given below:
- The reaction between an acid and a base: Common salt (NaCl) can be prepared by the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O - The reaction between an acid and a metal: A metal displaces hydrogen from an acid to form a salt.
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mg + 2HNO3 → Mg (NO3)2 + H2 - Reaction between a metal oxide or another salt with and acid
ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O - By a direct combination of metals and non-metals
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
Some salts and their uses are given below:
| S.N | Salts | Uses |
| 1. | Sodium chloride | As edible salts (table salt, rock salt) |
| 2. | Copper sulphate | As insecticides |
| 3. | Magnesium sulphate | Used in constipation |
| 4. | Calcium sulphate | Plastering fractured bones, in the manufacture of chalk. |
Things to remember
- A salt is a compound formed by the partial or complete neutralization of an acid by a base. A salt is a neutral substance. It does not have acidic and basic properties.
- Some salts are salty in taste but most of the salts are bitter in taste.
- Salts do not cause any change in the color of indicators like litmus paper, methyl orange and phenolphthalein.
- Some salts are white while some salts are colored.
- Most of them are soluble in water.
- It includes every relationship which established among the people.
- There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
- It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
- common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
Videos for Salt
Acidic, Basic and Neutral Salts
Neutralization Reaction
Questions and Answers
Write the properties of salt.
- Some salts are salty whereas the other are bitter or tasteless.
- Most of the salts are neutral to indicators.
- Most of the salts are soluble in water. The salts of lead and barium are insoluble in water.
- The solution of salt can conduct electricity.
Define indicator, salt and alkali.
Indicator is defined as the chemical compounds used for identifying whether a given substance is acidic or basic in nature.
Salt is a compound formed by partial or complete replacement of hydrogen of an acid by a metal.
Water soluble metallic oxides of bases are called alkalis.
Write the molecular formula of the following
Sodium chloride – NaCl
Aluminum hydroxide – Al(OH)3
Potassium hydroxide – KOH
Sulphuric acid – H2SO4
Write the uses of following salts.
Calcium sulphate – It is used as insecticide.
Magnesium sulphate – It is used for reducing constipation.
Aluminum hydroxide – It is used as medicine to get rid of gastric.
Write down the name and molecular formula of a compound which gives hydrogen ion and sulphate ion in solution state. In which colour is methyl orange changed after treating with this compound? Write down the chemical equation.
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is a compound which gives hydrogen ion and sulphate ion in solution state.
Methyl orange is changed into red colour after treating with this compound. H2SO4 +2NaOH → Na2SO4 + H2O
Quiz
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