Communicable diseases are those diseases which spread from one person to another via various media.

We can prevent communicable diseases by following ways:

• Use of safe water
• Safe and balance diet
• Immunization
• Cleanliness
• Use of toilet

HIV gets transferred by different ways.They are:

• Sexual intercourse with the infected person,
• Use of unsterilized utensils or needles,
• From mother to child during pregnancy,
• Through infected body fluids or tissues.

We can prevent this disease by following ways:

• Avoid unsafe sexual contact,
• Give or take blood only after examining,
• Infected women should not get pregnant,
• Use of sterilized needles only,
• Avoid drugs.

The symptoms of HIV/AIDS are as follow:

• Loss of weight
• Continue diarrhea for more than 3 weeks,
• Regular fever for a month,
• Slow healing of the wound,
• Throat inflammation.

The symptoms of meningitis are as follow:

• Severe headache
• High fever
• Vomiting
• Muscle spasm
• Irregular pulse rate

Preventive measures of meningitis are as follow:

• Personal, family and environmental cleanliness should be maintained.
• Sputum and mucus of patient should be buried or burnt.
• Take Meningococcal vaccine
• Covering one's mouth and nose while sniffing and coughing.

Hepatitis-B results from wind, blood, sexual contact, drugs, households of the patient etc. It damages the liver that leads to death. It is usually seen in people of ages 20-40. It is fifty to hundred times more infectious than HIV.

Preventive measures are as follows:

• Examine the blood before taking or giving,
• Use of patient's clothing or any materials after a fine wash,
• Infected tools and syringe must not be used,
• Early vaccination,
• Avoid taking drugs, alcohol, and smoking.
• Go to the clinics and consult with the doctor.

The symptoms of Kala-Azar are as follow:

• The liver and the spleen swell and stops functioning resulting in pain in the liver.
• Lymph nodes swell, skin becomes rough and dry, a body loses weight and becomes weaker.
• Anemia, intermittent fever and loss of appetite.

Preventive measures of Kala-Azar are:

• Destroy sand-flies using insecticides.
• Maintain proper sanitation in and around the house.
• Use mosquito nets while sleeping.
• Visit the nearest health center or hospital foe checkup if kala-Azar is suspected.

The types of dysentery are as follow:

Amoebic dysentery:

This type of dysentery is mostly found in tropical countries. It is general and a serious one, if treatment is not available in time, we cannot prevent it and people die. It is caused by a parasite named Entamoeba Histolytica. Dirty food and contaminated water are the modes of transmission this disease.This parasite destroys mucous in the small intestine.

Symptoms

• Watery stool
• Loss of appetite
• Stomach ache
• Stool contains mucous

Bacillary Dysentery:

It is a very dangerous disease, it transmits quickly in summer seasons from contaminated water, stale rotten food, and unhealthy habits. It is caused by the parasite Bacillus shigella. Improper disposal of excreta and unhygienic food habits are the main mode of transmission of this disease.

Symptoms:

• Fever
• Body ache
• Loss of appetite
• Dry mouth
• Thirsty feeling
• Vomiting and severe stomach ache

Communicable diseases transfer from one person to other, but non-communicable diseases don't, these are limited in the sufferers only.

Diarrhoea refers to the gastrointestinal infection in which there is frequent and excessive discharge of watery stool.

Amoebic dysentery and bacillary dysentery are the two types of dysentery.

The name of the germ that causes Amoebic dysentery is Entamoeba Histolytica.

Vibro Cholera is the name of the germ that causes cholera.

The intestinal disease that is caused by roundworm is called ascariasis.

Lack of proper cleanliness and health awareness is the main cause behind ascariasis.