Subject: Health and Physical Education
The measures which help to bear children after some year's gap are called temporary methods. It can increase the gap between first and second children. The female and male can adopt different temporary methods, they are:
Pills
It is one of the contraceptives devices for female which is taken orally. It is known by Nilocon or Gulab in our market. It makes hormonal changes in the ovary and stops the ovulation so that secretion of ova is not possible. But it has to be taken regularly.
Merits
Demerits
Implant
The birth control implant is a thin, flexible plastic implant about the size of a cardboard matchstick. It is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It protects against pregnancy for up to five years. The implant is available under the brand names Implanon and Nexplanon. There are two types of implant i.e. implant for five years and implant for three years. An implant makes the ova inactive so, women are not able to conceive.
Intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD)
An IUCD is a small 'T' shaped device made of plastic and copper which sits inside the womb (uterus). It is also known as 'the coil'. There are two threads attached to the IUCD which pass out through the neck of the womb (cervix) and lie in the vagina. IUCD is an effective method of contraception which is also known as 'the coil'. It sits inside the womb (uterus). Once fitted, it can stay in your womb for up to ten years. Most women who use an IUCD have no problems with it. The device is called a coil because in the 1960s some devices were coil-shaped.
Depo-Provera
Depo-Provera is syringe injected in arms and thigh of female. This birth control method kills the sperms and helps to avoid unwanted pregnancy. It is 99% effective in preventing pregnancy. Again, it does not prevent spreading of STDs.
Femidom ( female condom)
It is a condom for women. It is made up of thin polyurethane or transparent rubber. It is used in the vagina so that sperm does not enter. It is a strong, transparent health which lines the vagina to create a barrier against sperm. It prevents sexually transmitted diseases also.
Merits
Demerits
The permanent method of family planning provides permanent solutions to the pregnancy and birth. A permanent method for male is vasectomy and for a female is minilap and laparoscopy.
Vasectomy
It is also called male sterilization. It is permanent surgical operation for a male in which the doctor makes a small opening in man's scrotum and closes the both tubes that carry sperms from the testes. This gives permanent solution to conception.
Merits
Demerits
Minilap
It is a permanent method of female contraception. It should be done after forty-five days of delivery or within the eight days of menstruation.
It is a minor operation done on women who no longer has any wish for more children. It is done by a small surgery in the lower part of the abdomen. The fallopian tubes are cut and tied up. This operation can be done if she is practicing other contraceptives devices.
Characteristics
Demerits
Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy is also one of the permanent measures of contraception. It involves a surgical operation as a sterilization in which the doctor makes a small incision in the abdomen just below the naval and finds two fallopian tubes with the help of the laparoscope. After that, every fallopian tube is closed with a clip or a ring. This should be done after thirty or forty days of the delivery or within five to eight days of the menstruation.
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Demerit
Define IUCD and its advantages.
The full form of IUCDs is 'intrauterine contraceptive device'. It is a plastic wrapped by copper, which is kept inside the uterus by trained medical person or doctor with the help of a special instrument. It is also called mechanical method. It does not let the sperm enter the uterus. It works for 10 years. If the baby is necessary it can be taken out immediately.
The advantages of IUCD are:
Describe emergency contractive.
If sexual intercourse takes place without any contraceptives then emergency contraceptives can be used to avoid the possible unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion. Women have to face various health problems as a result of unsafe absorption. It is also one of the causes of their death. There are different kinds of emergency contraceptives. They are used in the following situations:
Mention any two temporary contraceptive devices for female?
Norplant and femidom are two temporary contraceptive devices for female.
What is minilap? How does it work?
It is a permanent surgical operation for female to sterilize. In minilap, after making a small incision just above the pubic hair, each fallopian tube is tied and cut or else closed with a clip of ring. The Incision is closed with stitches and covered with adhesive bandages. This sterilization should be performed after 45 days (or 6 weeks of delivery) or within 7 days after menstruation. If the couple is using other contraception, it can be done at any time.
Write the merits and demerits of minilap.
The merits of minilap are:
The demerits of minilap are:
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