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Methods of Birth Control

Subject: Health and Physical Education

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Overview

The measures which help to bear children after some years of gap are called temporary methods. There are various methods for male and female individuals to carry out this spacing. This note provides us an information about temporary and permanent methods of birth control.
Methods of Birth Control

Temporary Methods

The measures which help to bear children after some year's gap are called temporary methods. It can increase the gap between first and second children. The female and male can adopt different temporary methods, they are:

Pills

It is one of the contraceptives devices for female which is taken orally. It is known by Nilocon or Gulab in our market. It makes hormonal changes in the ovary and stops the ovulation so that secretion of ova is not possible. But it has to be taken regularly.

Merits

  1. If it is taken regularly, it is highly effective.
  2. It helps to regularize menstruation.
  3. It does not give any trouble in sexual intercourse.

Demerits

  1. It is not effective if it is not taken regularly.
  2. It may cause headache and dizziness to some women.
  3. It is not useful to women having heart, liver and kidney problem as well as cancer.
  4. Consolation with a doctor is absolutely essential before its use.

implant

Implant

The birth control implant is a thin, flexible plastic implant about the size of a cardboard matchstick. It is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It protects against pregnancy for up to five years. The implant is available under the brand names Implanon and Nexplanon. There are two types of implant i.e. implant for five years and implant for three years. An implant makes the ova inactive so, women are not able to conceive.

IUCD

Intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD)

An IUCD is a small 'T' shaped device made of plastic and copper which sits inside the womb (uterus). It is also known as 'the coil'. There are two threads attached to the IUCD which pass out through the neck of the womb (cervix) and lie in the vagina. IUCD is an effective method of contraception which is also known as 'the coil'. It sits inside the womb (uterus). Once fitted, it can stay in your womb for up to ten years. Most women who use an IUCD have no problems with it. The device is called a coil because in the 1960s some devices were coil-shaped.

depo-provera

Depo-Provera

Depo-Provera is syringe injected in arms and thigh of female. This birth control method kills the sperms and helps to avoid unwanted pregnancy. It is 99% effective in preventing pregnancy. Again, it does not prevent spreading of STDs.

Femidom ( female condom)

It is a condom for women. It is made up of thin polyurethane or transparent rubber. It is used in the vagina so that sperm does not enter. It is a strong, transparent health which lines the vagina to create a barrier against sperm. It prevents sexually transmitted diseases also.

Merits

  1. It can be used by women of all ages.
  2. Attractive with vaginal dryness can also be use it to increase lubrication and reduce painful intercourse.

Demerits

  1. It is the single-use disposal device.
  2. It is an expensive device.
  3. It should be used with the male condom.

Permanent Measures

The permanent method of family planning provides permanent solutions to the pregnancy and birth. A permanent method for male is vasectomy and for a female is minilap and laparoscopy.

Vasectomy

vasectomy

It is also called male sterilization. It is permanent surgical operation for a male in which the doctor makes a small opening in man's scrotum and closes the both tubes that carry sperms from the testes. This gives permanent solution to conception.

Merits

  1. This does not make differences in good health and sex satisfactions.
  2. It can be performed by minor surgery.
  3. There are no tensions of other contraceptives and increase interest sexual pleasure.

Demerits

  1. It is not effective immediately. A sterilized man needs condoms for consecutive twenty ejaculations.
  2. It requires a surgical process.
  3. There may be a chance of reversal surgery.

Minilap

It is a permanent method of female contraception. It should be done after forty-five days of delivery or within the eight days of menstruation.

It is a minor operation done on women who no longer has any wish for more children. It is done by a small surgery in the lower part of the abdomen. The fallopian tubes are cut and tied up. This operation can be done if she is practicing other contraceptives devices.

Characteristics

  1. It is the permanent method.
  2. It does not have any effect on health and sexual satisfaction.

Demerits

  1. It is useful for only those who do not wish to have any more children

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is also one of the permanent measures of contraception. It involves a surgical operation as a sterilization in which the doctor makes a small incision in the abdomen just below the naval and finds two fallopian tubes with the help of the laparoscope. After that, every fallopian tube is closed with a clip or a ring. This should be done after thirty or forty days of the delivery or within five to eight days of the menstruation.

Merits

  1. It is a permanent method with the effectiveness of 99. 5%.
  2. This has no adverse effect on health and sex relationship between husband and wife.

Demerit

  1. It is only suitable for the women who do not have any desire for any more children.
  2. It requires a surgical procedure.
Things to remember
  • The measures which help to bear children after some year's gap are called temporary methods.
  • Pill is one of the contraceptives devices for female which is taken orally. 
  • The birth control implant is a thin, flexible plastic implant about the size of a cardboard matchstick. 
  • An IUCD is a small 'T' shaped device made of plastic and copper which sits inside the womb (uterus). 
  • Depo-Provera is syringe injected in arms and thigh of female.
  • Femidom is a condom for women. 
  • The permanent method of family planning provides permanent solutions to the pregnancy and birth.
  • Vasectomy is also called male sterilization.
  • Minilap is a permanent method of female contraception. It should be after forty-five days of delivery or within the eight days of menstruation.
  • Laparoscopy is also one of the permanent measures of contraception. 
  • It includes every relationship which established among the people.
  • There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
  • It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
  • common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
Videos for Methods of Birth Control
Birth Control Effectiveness
Medical Animation - Laproscopy
Medical Animation - Milnilap
Types of Birth Control - Contraceptive Methods
Vasectomy
Questions and Answers

The full form of IUCDs is 'intrauterine contraceptive device'. It is a plastic wrapped by copper, which is kept inside the uterus by trained medical person or doctor with the help of a special instrument. It is also called mechanical method. It does not let the sperm enter the uterus. It works for 10 years. If the baby is necessary it can be taken out immediately.
The advantages of IUCD are:

  • It is about 99% effective.
  • Due to this, there is no disturbance in sexual satisfaction.
  • It works for 10 years.
  • It can be removed out when the baby is needed.

If sexual intercourse takes place without any contraceptives then emergency contraceptives can be used to avoid the possible unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion. Women have to face various health problems as a result of unsafe absorption. It is also one of the causes of their death. There are different kinds of emergency contraceptives. They are used in the following situations:

  • In the failure of contraceptives like tearing of condom, slipping of diaphragm etc.
  • Coming out of IUCD itself.
  • Forgetting of taking pills more than two days.

Norplant and femidom are two temporary contraceptive devices for female.

Vas deferens is cut to sterilize the male.

It is a permanent surgical operation for female to sterilize. In minilap, after making a small incision just above the pubic hair, each fallopian tube is tied and cut or else closed with a clip of ring. The Incision is closed with stitches and covered with adhesive bandages. This sterilization should be performed after 45 days (or 6 weeks of delivery) or within 7 days after menstruation. If the couple is using other contraception, it can be done at any time.

The merits of minilap are:

  • It is very effective about 99.5%
  • It is a permanent method.
  • Using this, there is no fear of pregnancy.
  • There is no adverse effect on health and sexual pleasure.

The demerits of minilap are:

  • It is only suitable for women with no desire for additional children.
  • It needs surgical procedure.
  • Sometimes it is found to be unsuccessful.
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