Wildlife Conservation
Subject: Biology
Overview
This note contains detail information about wildlife resources, wildlife conservation, its importance and the list of endangered species of Nepal. Conservation is the act of preserving, guarding, or protecting nature and natural resources for future generation. The term "wildlife" refers to any living organisms in its natural habitat. There are 27 species of mammals, 9 species of birds and 3 species of reptiles (endangered species) which are given legal protection under 1973 National parks and Wildlife act.Wildlife Conservation
Conservation is the act of preserving, guarding, or protecting nature and natural resources for future generation. This conservation includes the conservation of their habitat, heredity, and ecosystem. It will increase their number and quality. A favourable environment is necessary for it.
Wildlife resources
Wildlife resources include all animals, which grow and propagate naturally without any sort of human interference. They remain in wild form without any sort of friendly association with man. The term "wildlife" refers to any living organisms in its natural habitat. Wildlife is very important so its resources should be conserved and handled to the future generation.
Wildlife conservation
Conservation of wildlife is mainly concerned with the preservation and protection of wildlife, both animals and plants in their natural habitats, enabling these forms to reproduce and give to fertile offspring without interference by man and his activities.
Importance of Wildlife conservation
- It maintains balance in ecology as each species plays an important role in balancing the population, maintaining the food chain and natural cycles on the earth.
- Various flora and fauna are important for the medicinal purpose.
- Wildlife provides valuable information to the naturalists and biologists in understanding the environment, biology, and behaviour.
- The rich diversity of today is the result of natural evolution that has taken 3.5 billion years on earth.
- It increases the economic value of the country.
- Wildlife has a great value as a gene bank of nature.
Categorize of Wildlife status
IUCN has listed following threatened species categories;
- Extinct species
- Endangered species
- Vulnerable species
- Rare species
- Threatened species
- Intermediate
List of endangered wildlife of Nepal
There are 27 species of mammals, 9 species of birds and 3 species of reptiles which are given legal protection under 1973 National parks and Wildlife act.
List of endangered Mammals in Nepal;
| S.N. | Common name | Nepali Name | Scientific Name | ||
| 1 | Red Panda | Habre | Ailurus fill gens | ||
| 2 | Snow Leopard | Hiu Chituwa | Panthera uuncia | ||
| 3 | Bengal Tiger | Bhagh | Panthera tigris | ||
| 4 | One-horned Rhinoceros | Gaida | Rhinoceros unicornis | ||
| 5 | Himalayan Musk Deer | Kasturi Mriga | Moschus chrysogaster | ||
| 6 | Dolphin | Sons | Plantanista gangetica | ||
| 7 | Swamp Deer | Barahsigae | Cervus duvauceli | ||
| 8 | Asiatic Elephant | Jangali Hatti | Elephus maximus | ||
| 9 | Four homed Antelope | Chauka | Tetracerus quadricornis | ||
| 10 | Black Buck | Krishna Shar | Antilope cervicapa | ||
| 11 | Indian Pangolin | Salak | Manis crassicaudata | ||
| 12 | Chinese Pangolin | Salak | Manis pentadactyla | ||
| 13 | Assamese Monkey | Asami Rato Bandar | Macaca assamensis | ||
| 14 | Grey Wolf | Bwaso | Canis lupus | ||
| 15 | Brown Bear | Himali Rato Bhallu | Ursus arctos | ||
| 16 | Spotted Linsang | Lingsang | Prionodon pardicolor | ||
| 17 | Striped Hyaena | Hudar | Hyaena hyaena | ||
| 18 | Leopard Cat | Chari Bagh | Prionailurus bengalensis | ||
| 19 | Clouded Leopard | Bwaso Chituwa | Pardofelis nebalosa | ||
| 20 | Lynx | Lings | Felis lynx | ||
| 21 | Gaur Bison | Gauri Gai | Bos gaurus | ||
| 22 | Wild Yalk | Jangali Chauri | Bos grunniens (B. mutus) | ||
| 23 | Wild Water Buffalo | Arna | Bubalus arnee (B. bubalis) | ||
| 24 | Tibetan Antelope | Chiru | Pantholops hodgsoni | ||
| 25 | Great Tibetan Sheep | Nayan | Ovis ammon | ||
| 26 | Hispid Hare | Sespod Kharayo | Caprolagus hispidus | ||
| 27 | Pigmy Hog | Pudke Bandel | Sus salvanins | ||
List of endangered birds of Nepal;
| S.N. | Common name | Nepali Name | Scientific Name |
| 1 | Great Horabill | Thulo Dhanesh | Buceros bicornis |
| 2 | Impeyan Pheasant | Danphe | Lophophorus impejanus |
| 3 | Bengal Florican | Khar Mugur | Eupodotis bengalensis |
| 4 | Black Stork | Kalo Stork | Ciconia nigra |
| 5 | White Stork | Seto Stork | Ciconia ciconia |
| 6 | Crimson-honied Pheasant | Munal | Tragopan satyr a |
| 7 | Cheer Pheasant | Chir | Catreus wallichii |
| 8 | Lesser Florican | Mujur | Sypheotides indica |
| 9 | Saurus Crane | Sars | Grus antigone |
List of endangered reptiles of Nepal;
| S.N | Common name | Nepali name | Scientific name |
| 1 | Gharial | Ghadial Gohi | Gavialis gangeticus |
| 2 | Golden Monitor lizard | Sungohar | Varanus flavescens |
| 3 | Asiatic Rock Python | Ajingar | Pythons molurus |
Things to remember
- Conservation is the act of preserving, guarding, or protecting nature and natural resources for future generation.
- Wildlife resources include all animals, which grow and propagate naturally without any sort of human interference.
- The rich diversity of today is the result of natural evolution that has taken 3.5 billion years on earth.
- There are 27 species of mammals, 9 species of birds and 3 species of reptiles which are given legal protection under 1973 National parks and Wildlife act.
- It includes every relationship which established among the people.
- There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
- It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
- common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
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