Perianth of Flower

The perianth is a non-reproductive part of a flower. It contains both calyx and corolla.

Calyx

Calyx is the outermost whorl individual unit of the sepal. Free sepal makes polysepalous condition and fused sepals make the gamosepalous condition. Sometimes sepals instead of becoming green color attain the color of petal and are then known as petaloid sepals.

Duration:

Caducous: Sepals falling off much earlier i.e. before the opening of a flower.

Deciduous: Sepals remaining till the maturity of a flower.

Persistent: Sepals remaining till the maturity of the fruit.

Corolla:

Corolla is a second colored whorl of flower individual unit of which is petals. Free petals make polypetalous condition and fused petals make a gamopetalous condition. Green petals are termed as sepaloid petals. _{^{source:www.biologydiscussion.com}}

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Cruciform corolla:

The presence of four free petals arranged in a cross-like manner and each petal differentiated into the broad limb and pointed claw. Eg; Brassicaceae

Caryophyllaceous corolla:

The presence of five free petals each petal differentiated into an elongated claw and broad limb placed at a right angled to each other. Eg; family Caryophyllaceae

Papilionaceous corolla:

The presence of five unequal sized petals. The posterior largest petals are known as standard or vexillum. Two lateral medium sized petals are known as wings or alae. Two anterior smallest fused petals is known as keels(Carina). These petals give a butterfly-like appearance to the flower. Eg; Pea

Tubular:

Petals fused to form a tube-like structure.

Campanulate:

Petals fused to form bell-shaped structure.

Infundibuliform:

Petals fused to form funnel-shaped structure.