Our Classical and Folk Dances

Subject: Social Studies

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Overview

The dance which is composed based on a particular religion usually using an established form and supposed not to be played on electric instruments. Classical music is generally considered to be serious and to have a lasting value. This note has information on classical and folk dances of Nepal like Dhan, Chandi, Guna etc.
Our Classical and Folk Dances

Classical Dance

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The dance which is composed based on a particular religion usually using an established form and supposed not to be played on electric instruments. Classical music is generally considered to be serious and to have a lasting value.

Differences between classical dance and folk dance

Classical dance

Folk dance

1. It is the dance which is performed with the help of music usually and established form which is believed not to be played on an electronic instrument. 1. It is the traditional dance which is performed in a particular area or country with the help of folk music and song.
2. It is based on the description of classical songs or music. 2. It is based on the folk culture of any caste and belong to particular tribes.
3. It requires particular types of steps for a particular dance. 3. Folk dance is completely free in style and body movements as per the wish of dancers.
4. It needs special costume according to nature and requirement of dance. 4. The costume of a particular community becomes costumes of folk dance of the community.

Folk Dances

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Dhan Naach:

Dhaan Naach is related to Rai and Limbu community of our country. This dance is performed by holding each other hands and forming a line or circle. Palum, the song on the occasion is sung and danced usually during harvest time of major crops.

Dandi Dance or Phagu Dance:

Phagu dance is related to the Tharus and other communities of central and eastern Nepal. In this dance, dancer strike their sticks and produce rhythmic music. They decorate themselves well that identify their culture and tribe. It is danced during Holi and other auspicious occasions.

Deuda dance:

Mid-western and mostly far-western Nepal is popular for deuda dance. It is danced in a circular manner by touching shoulders between adjacent dancers. Feet move back and forth with the song which is sung by the dancers.

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Moondhum dance:

This dance belongs to the kirants and is popular in the eastern hills. Phedangba/phe dangma or religious priests sing it in the desired tune during the dance.

Charita Dance:

This dance belongs to the terai community mostly. It is based on the theme of epics and holy scripts of the Purans. It is danced by symbolizing the themes.

Chyabrung dance:

It is related to the limbu community of eastern Nepal. It is danced to the tune of Chyabrung.

Hopcha dance:

This dance is popular among the Rais of Dhankuta and other eastern hilly districts. It is a traditional dance on auspicious occasions.

Maruni dance:

This dance is popular on eastern hills. Men dress up in Maruni costumes and dance. Themes are humorous as well as religious.

Chandi Naach:

Chandi Naach is performed by Rai or Kirant community. This dance is performed by holding each other's hands and forming a circle and dancing with the beat of the drum. It is danced during Udhauli and Ubhauli parvas. To provide a rhythmic step, Chandi songs like Sund, Dhol and Jhyamta are played.

Gauna dance:

This dance is related to Mithila traditional and is popular in the Janakpur region. This dance is displayed on religious and festival occasions.

Hanuman dance:

This dance is popular in Baglung and neighboring districts. Characters display the acts of Hanuman, the devotee of lord Ram based on the Ramayana.

Measures to preserve or promote classical and folk dances:

i. Public awareness highlighting the importance of classical and folk dances.

ii. Classical and folk dances should be performed on every occasion of community and in every cultural program.

iii. Regional and National classical dance competition should be organized which helps to preserve and promote it.

iv. Different tribes should form communities to preserve and promote their classical dances.

Things to remember
  • Classical dance is composed of particular religion and supposed not to be played on electric instruments.
  • Classical dance is based on the description of classical songs or music.
  • Classical dance requires particular steps for particular dance
  • Classical dance needs special costume according to nature and requirement
  • Folk Dance is  traditional dance performed in a particular area or country with folk music and song
  • Folk Dance is based on the folk culture of any caste and belongs to particular tribes
  • Folk Dance is completely free in style and body movements
  • Folk Dance is costumes of particular community becomes costumes of folk dance
  • Some of the classical and folk dances of Nepal are Dhan nach, Chandi nach, Dandi dance/Phagu dance, Gauna dance, Deuda dance, Hanuman dance, etc
  • It includes every relationship which established among the people.
  • There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
  • It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
  • common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
Videos for Our Classical and Folk Dances
Amazing Culture of Nepal (Hanuman Dance)
Bajrayogini a classical Nepali dance Pooja Dangol Rasaily
Chandi Purnima (Chandi naach) 2071
Deuda Dance(Far-western region)
Limbu dhan nach
Nepali Maruni Dance
Questions and Answers

Dance is a type of performing arts. It is moreover a matter of entertainment and even done for physical fitness. In our mythological stories, it has been described as a matter of entertainment. God and goddesses were in lust of its entertainment. It has nowadays developed more as an individual part of our study.
It is further divided into classical dance and folk dance. They are different in following ways:

  • Classical dance:
  1. A special music or song is arranged through which a barred dancer moves his/her step ahead.
  2. A certain regulation is required. The classics of religion are much more reflected.
  • Folk dance:
  1. No any classical steps required but fast music is prepared to dance according to its charm.
  2. A folk dance is a reveal of a tradition, culture of a tribe, place or a community.

    Nepal is rich in art and culture. Dance and songs have our typical style. We practice both form of classical and folk dance. The four forms of classical and folk dances are given below:

    Classical dance Folk dance
    Manjushree dance Dhan dance
    Hanuman Charitra dance Chandi dance
    Lakhey dance Maruni dance
    Bajrayogini dance Tamang Selo
    Among various classical and folk dance prevailed in Nepal, below is description of a classical and a folk dance.
    • Manjushree dance: This type of classical dance reflects religious flavor and style in the dance. The very name Manjushree is the symbol of a Nepali goddess as knowledge. A special technique is needed to the one who dances it because they have to show the pray to god Swayambhunath. The dancer makes different movements of hands and body relating to the human spirit and norms.
    • Dhan dance: This type of fold flavor of dance is related to the culture of marginalized tribe called Limbu who are found in the eastern Nepal. The Limbu boys or girls get gathered at any local fairs or other occasions like wedding ceremony. In their own fold song they catch their hands in a chain form, whether boys or girls and dance. It lasts for a long time.

    Recently, the Ministry of Culture had planned and further decided to organize folk dance competition nationally. As a coordinator of the programme, I would give my best efforts towards the successful organization of the programme.

    • I would first make a plan about budget, programme venue, formation of main organizational committees and sub committees and submit to the ministry office.
    • With the consent of the ministry office I would send the forms through ask the District Administration Offices for filling them by any desirous cultural communities in Nepal and assure them for the expenses of transportation, lodging and fooding from the organization team and hold the programme by awarding the best performer.
    • I would held a workshop of various experts and list out the advices, and later I would submit it to ministry office and pressurize them to act upon it.
    • I would try my best to held workshops and competitions at least once or twice in each development regions. I would try my best to activate the Nepal Academy for the promotion and preservation of the folk culture and dance.

    Different countries participate in the 'International Folk Dance Competition' organized every year in Nepal. This has created mutual exchange of cultural traits among the participant countries. The government should carefully play its roles to make such programmes successful. Some of the roles of the government are depicted below:

    • For preserving folk dances practiced in Nepal, the government has to take initiatives for organizing programmes based on them.
    • Necessary publicity of the programmes using international medias to that attraction of people increases towards it.
    • Provision of visa to visit Nepal for the purpose should be easy by which number of participants may be increased to make the programme a success.
    • Different incentives should be granted to the groups. Organizations, companies etc. so that they can sustainably in the activities.

    After the discussion and study, we find out the following differences between classical and folk dances:

    Classical dance Folk dance
    • It is based on the description of a classic.
    • It is based in the folk cultural of any caste.
    • It may or may not be based on any case.
    • It belongs to a particular caste.
    • It requires particular type of steps for a particular dance.
    • It does have some rules but they change with the change in time.
    • It needs special costume according to the nature and requirement of dance.
    • The costume of a particular community becomes the costume of folk dance of that community.
    Truly music, songs and dance all go together. Music should be played to sing. Similarly, song should be sung to dance. Such song should be accompanied by music. Dance can be performed only in music or song too. However the dance cannot be lively. Songs cannot be durable if they are not accompanied by music. On the other hand, music without using song is often better than music with song.
    Hence, music and songs are necessary for the completion of dance. Similarly, music is required for the completion of song. Above all music sounds better if it is filled up by song and featured by dance. Therefore, music, song, and dance are interrelated. The absence of one paralyzes the other.
    Dhan dance is the prominent dance of Rai and Limbu communities. It is performed during works in fields and while going fair. In Dhan dance, the youngsters dance by catching each other's hand. It is performed whole the day and night. The girls and boys exert influence to one another. Sometimes other community has to get married too. Besides Kirats, the young generation of Dhan dance was entirely performed in eastern parts of the country. Now, it is done in various parts of the country including the Kathmandu valley. Interestingly, the Kirat community living in other community also performs Dhan dance in various special occasions.
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