Subject: Social Studies
The shaking or jerking motion of the earth surface vertically or horizontally is called an earthquake. This note has information about the causes of earthquake, earthquake-prone zones, the effects of the earthquake and different terms related to the earthquake.
Earthquake
The shaking or jerking motion of the earth surface vertically or horizontally is called an earthquake. The Hypocenter is the point inside the earth where the earthquake originates. The Epicenter is the point on the earth surface that is vertically above the hypocenter.
The seismic waves are the ways or the vibration traveled in a different direction from the epicenter. A seismograph is an instrument that measures the intensity, origin and speed of the earthquake. The intensity of an earthquake is measured in Richter scale.
Causes of earthquake:
Effects of earthquake:
Tsunami
A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, usually a sea or ocean. Tsunamis are often barely visible when they are in the deep sea. This makes tsunami detection in the deep sea very difficult. A tsunami can travel at well over 970 kph (600 mph) in the open ocean. A tsunami may be less than a foot (30 centimeters) in height on the surface of the open ocean. But the powerful shockwave of energy travels rapidly through the ocean as fast as a commercial jet. Once a tsunami reaches shallow water near the coast, it is slowed down. The top of the wave moves faster than the bottom, causing the sea to rise dramatically.
Causes of Tsunami:
Effects of Tsunami:
Earthquake is mainly caused due to the movement of continental places that are enormous and manually immobile, which does not depend on the tasks carried out by human beings. So, it can't be stopped, rather we can prevent us from the disasters following proper ways for construction.
Earthquake refers to shaking and vibrating movement of the earth surface. It moves up and down or sideways.
Hypocenter is the inner place of the earth where the earthquake originates.
Epicenter is the place on the surface of the earth where the vibration of the earthquake comes first from the hypocenter.
One place where earthquake is most frequent is the surrounding places of the Pacific Ocean.
One measure to be safe from earthquake is that we should come out of house during earthquake.
One effect of earthquake is that it destroys properties.
Seismograph is an instrument used to measure the intensity of an earthquake.
The earthquake's vibrations recording instrument is called seismograph.
Earthquake is the shaking movement of the earth surface. There are many causes of its occurrence. The tectonic movement is an important cause of it. As we know, the earth's crust is divided into several parts due to deep cracks or faults which are known as continental plates. Some of them keep moving apart and some may move into each other. In this process, a big fault may occur which result in occurrence of earthquake. Eruption of volcano also causes the earthquake. When volcano occurs, lava comes out with great force causing earthquake.
The earthquake has both good and bad effect they are:
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