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Nutrition

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Nutrition is a food science , which relates to the nutrients essential for proper physical growth. This note has information about the nutrition and balanced diet.
Nutrition

Nutrition is also known as food science, which relates to the nutrients essential for proper physical growth. Nutritious food is necessary to get energy and for physical growth, the formation of cells and tissues, movements of organs and protection of the body against diseases. We should take the balanced diet with all different groups of food.

On the basis of chemical composition of food, it can be classified into six groups of nutrients:-

  1. Carbohydrates

    Carbohydrates provide energy and heat to our body. They are the compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen which are stored in liver and muscles. They are found in different food materials. Rice, wheat, corn, barley, turnip, sweet potato, yam, sugarcane, etc. are the main source of carbohydrates.

  2. Fats

    Fats also provide energy and prevent the loss of heat from our body. They are the compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Ghee, oil, butter, groundnut, soyabean, etc. are some major sources of fats.

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  3. Proteins

    Proteins are required for bodybuilding, repair and maintenance of tissues in our body. Amino acids form proteins, which are the composition of oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, etc. Chief contents of proteins are fish, meat, egg, milk, pulses like pea, bean, gram, lintel, etc.

  4. Minerals

    Minerals are necessary for our body to protect us from various diseases and normal functioning of our body. We supply minerals from food materials like fruits, green vegetables, fish, meat, egg, milk, liver, salt, etc.

  5. Vitamins

    Vitamins are also necessary for us to protect our body against diseases. There are various types of vitamins. Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble and vitamin C and B complex are water soluble vitamins. Vitamin B complex includes B1, B2, B6, B12, niacin and folate. Main sources of vitamins are liver, green vegetables, fruits, butter, egg, meat, etc.

  6. Water

    Water is necessary to maintain the body temperature and to absorb food elements. It composes about three-fourth of our body weight. Lack of water causes dehydration. It is very important for us. Therefore, it must be pure.

Balanced diet

Balanced diet is the content of sufficient amount of all nutrients (carbohydrates, protein, vitamin, minerals, fats and water) required for keeping our body healthy and active. The proportion of the nutrients should be appropriate according to the daily needs. Unless there is a balance in our diet, we suffer from malnutrition.

In conclusion, the daily foods must contain the appropriate proportion of food from following three groups: -

  1. Group A: Heat and energy giving foods like rice, corn, wheat, barley, millet, buckwheat, potato, honey, oil, ghee, etc.
  2. Group B: Food for bodybuilding like fish, meat, pulse, beans, groundnuts, etc.
  3. Group C: Foods for body-protection like green-leafy vegetables, sweet and sour fruits.

Importance of balanced diet

  1. It provides energy to the body.
  2. It helps to our physical and mental development.
  3. It maintains the cells and tissues.
  4. It protects the body from various diseases. It also helps to regulate the body temperature and function various physical activities.
Things to remember
  • Nutrition is a food science , which relates to the nutrients essential for proper physical growth.
  • Proteins are required for bodybuilding, repair and maintenance of tissues in our body.
  • Vitamins are also necessary for us to protect our body against diseases.
  • Water is necessary to maintain the body temperature and to absorb food elements.
  • Lack of water causes dehydration.
  • Balanced diet is the content of sufficient amount of all nutrients (carbohydrates, protein, vitamin, minerals, fats and water) required for keeping our body healthy and active.
  • It includes every relationship which established among the people.
  • There can be more than one community in a society. Community smaller than society.
  • It is a network of social relationships which cannot see or touched.
  • common interests and common objectives are not necessary for society.
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Questions and Answers
Rice, potato and wheat are the three major sources of carbohydrate.
The function of fat in our body is to provide instant energy and prevent heat loss.

Protein helps to maintain and regulate the structure and functioning of all living cells and viruses.

Our body requires vitamin in order to protect our body from diseases and maintain immunity.

Balanced diet is the composition of food containing all the necessary nutrients required for our body in appropriate amount. It can be prepared from locally available foods. They are fresh and unadulterated. We can obtain carbohydrates and fat from rice, maize, wheat, milk, meat and proteins and minerals from milk, meat, eggs and pulse. Green leafy vegetables and fruit supply enough vitamins. All these foods are locally available and economically affordable. If we use them properly, a complete diet can be obtained. But enough care is to be given while cleaning, preparing, cooking storing and serving.

Nutrition refers to the process of supply of food and absorption of nutrients by the body. Nutrients like carbohydrates, fat, proteins, minerals are very important for our body. Due to several factors, we are losing nutrients from our food. It is a great loss. The following measures should be adopted to protect nutrients of our food:

  1. Keep food clean and fresh well protected from germs and dirt
  2. Wash and clean vegetables, fruits, and other food stuff properly before consumption
  3. Cook food appropriately, avoid overcooking and store food properly
  4. Avoid the use of color, spices and other unhygienic substances
  5. Avoid over cutting

Our body needs to be maintained and enabled to run its different functions. For its maintenance and functioning, it needs various nutrients which are obtained from proper balance diet. When balanced diet is obtained, health can be maintained. The quality of our health highly depends on the quality of food we have. Lack of balanced diet results different types of malnutrition. Balanced diet helps to fight against illness and enables to us to work hard. So, it is absolutely important.

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