## Note on Measures of Mortality and Migration

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#### Measures of Mortality

Death rate refers to the decrease in the size of the population. A declining death rate due to the modern scientific heath services and a constant birth rate have been the major causes of rapid population growth in Nepal.

The measures that are commonly used to estimate mortality rates are as follows: -

1. Crude Death Rate (CDR)
2. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
##### 1.Crude Death Rate(CDR)

Crude Death Rate is a simple measure of mortality. It gives the number of deaths occurring in a given population during a specified year per 1000 of the population at mid-year.

##### 2.Infant Mortality Rate(IMR)

Infants are considered as the age group of 0-1-year-old. IMR measures the mortality rate prior to the age below one. The infant mortality rate is calculated as follows: -

#### Measures of Migration

Migration is another process of demography and deals with the change in the size and composition of the population by migrating from one place to another. There are two types of migration. They are national and international migration. In both of these migrations, there are two ways of the flow of population inflow and outflow. People who flow-in from another place or country are called immigrants and those who flow out from their native place or country are emigrants.

Various measures of migration are as follows: -

1. In-Migration Rate
2. Out-Migration Rate
##### 1.In-Migration Rate

In-Migration rate deals with the people coming into a place or a country.

##### 2.Out-Migration Rate

Out-Migration rate deals with the people leaving the place of origin within or outside the country.

• Death rate refers to the decrease in the size of population.
• Crude Death Rate is a simple measure of mortality.
• Infants are considered as the age group of 0-1 year old. IMR measures the mortality rate prior to the age below one.
• Migration is another process of demography and deals with the change in the size and composition of the population by migrating from one place to another.
• Out-Migration rate deals with the people leaving the place of origin within or outside the country.
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### Very Short Questions

Solution:
Here,
Midyear Population (P) =60,555
No. of live birth (B) =3065
Death (D) = 1609

CBR=?
CDR=?
We know that,
\begin{align*} CBR &= \frac BP× 1000\\
&= \frac {3065}{60555} × 1000\\
&= 50.6\\ \end{align*}
CBR = 50.6 per thousand

Similarly,
\begin{align*} CDR &= \frac DP × 1000\\
&=\frac {1609}{60555} × 1000\\
&= 26.5\\ \end{align*}
CDR = 26.5 per thousand

Given,
Total mid-year population of the given district =15oooo
Total deaths=1000
Out-migrants =2000
Immigrants=1500
Crude death rate (CDR) =?

We know,
\begin{align*} CDR &= \frac {total\; deaths}{total\; mid-year \;population} × 1000\\
&= \frac {1000}{150000} × 1000\\
&= 6.66 People \\ \end{align*}

Again,
We know,
\begin{align*} GMR &= \frac {out-migrates +immigrated}{total\; mid-year \;population} × 1000\\
&= \frac {2000 + 1200}{150000} × 1000\\
&= 21.33 people\\ \end{align*}

Therefore, the Crude Death Rate (CDR) and Gross Migration Rate (GMR) of that district are 6.66 people and 21.33 people per 1000 mid-year population.

Given,
Total deaths among the babies of 0-4 age group births= 1100
Mid-year population= 22000
Age-specific mortality rate(ASMR)=?

We know,
\begin{align*} ASMR &=\frac {Total\; death\; in\; a\; certain\; age\; group}{total\; mid-year\; population} × 1000\\
&= \frac {1100}{22000} × 1000\\
&= 50\; per\; thousand\\ \end{align*}
Therefore, the age specifies mortality rate(0-4) of the district was 50 per thousand mid-year population of the same age group.

Crude Death Rate is defined as the number of death in per thousand mid-year population of a particular place in a given year. It is very simple and common measure of mortality.

The formula is:

CDR =$$\frac DP$$× 1000

Where,

D= the total number f deaths in a given year.

P=mid-year population of that year

Age-Specific Death is defined as the number of death of a person is a given age group in per 1000 mid-year population of that age group.

Its formula is:

ASDR = $$\frac {Da}{Pa}$$ ×1000

Where,

Da = Total number of death in age group a

Pa = Population in age group a

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is obtained by dividing the number of infant deaths under one year into total number of live births in a given formula.

IMR = $$\frac {Do - 1}{Po - 1}$$ ×1000

Where ,

Do = Total no. of the deaths of infant below one year of age in a given year.

Po = Total no. of live birth is the same year.

The difference between Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate are as follows:

 Crude Birth Rate Crude Death Rate Crude Birth Rate is defined as the total number of live birth in a year in per thousand population of a particular place. Crude Death Rate is defined as the number of deaths in per thousand mid-year population of a particular place in a given year. It is very simple and common measure of fertility. It is very simple and common measure of mortality. The formula is CBR =B/P *1000 Where, B= number of birth P= mid-year population of the year. The formula is CDR =D/P *1000 Where, B= number of Death P= mid-year population of the year.

0%
• ### The decrease in the size of population is called ______.

birth
migration
death
none of the options are correct
• ### What is the full form of IMR?

Infant Mentality Rate
Infant Mortality Region
Infant Migration Rate
Infant Mortality Rate

children
elder people
infants

2 types
8 types
5 types
5 types
• ### The migration rate that deals with the people coming in to a place or a country is called ______.

gross migration rate
net migration rate
out-migration rate
in-migration rate